Figure 1. Map of the Marine Seamount Managed Area. Click to view full version.
Decree will regulate the sustainable extraction of resources around Cocos Island National Park
San José, Costa Rica, 05/10/2011 – The International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Costa Rican National Committee expressed its satisfaction over the creation of the Marine Seamount Managed Area, covering 9640 km2 around Cocos Island National Park.
The newly formed Marine Protected Area is the first of its kind created inside Costa Rica’s Exclusive Economic Zone (188 nautical miles beyond its territorial oceanic zone) and the second largest in the Eastern Tropical Pacific, surpassed by only Ecuador’s Galapagos Islands. The executive decree that created the area will facilitate the protection and sustainable management of the area’s marine resources. The management category allows such activities as sport fishing and longlining, in addition to research, environmental monitoring, and ecotourism activities subject to authorization per the area’s Management Plan. Furthermore, the Management Plan prohibits industrial and semi-industrial shrimp trawling along with petroleum exploration and exploitation.
The multi-use area looks to find a balance between extraction and conservation as it protects marine life existing around the seamounts where deep coral formations and aggregation sites (resting, reproduction, cleaning, feeding) for highly migratory pelagic species like whales, sea turtles, rays, billfish (marlin and sail fish),sharks, and tuna are found.
Environmentalists are calling attention to the fact that Costa Rica’s marine territory (589,683 km2) is 11 times larger than its land mass.
“The creation of this Marine Management Area increases the percentage of protected marine territory from .79% to 2.42%, a figure that equates to 14,281 km2”, said Jorge Jiménez, General Director for MarViva – a member organization the the IUCN’s National Committee.
The IUCN’s National Membership Committee, made up of 18 NGOs and governmental agencies, works in close synergy to develop alliances to promote responsible natural resource management. Its objective is to propitiate a dialogue between multiple social sectors in order to lobby for environmental initiatives.
“We’re advancing towards the goal set during the IV World Park Congress of a governmentally established network of Marine Protected Areas by 2012. This is to say that some kind of protection should exist for at least 10% of the marine species within their jurisdictions”, expressed Jorge Polimeni of the Ecological Flag Foundation and President of the IUCN’s National Committee.
“The Marine Seamount Managed Area is congruent with the IUCN member’s priorities for marine conservation”, Randall Arauz from committee member PRETOMA said with satisfaction. “During the last IUCN’s World Congress in Barcelona, Spain 2008, the plenary adopted Recommendation 4.111 titled Conservation of the leatherback sea turtle Dermochelys coriácea and hammer head sharks Sphyrna sp in the Eastern Tropical Pacific corridor, in which the implementation of measures to control and manage the fishing effort are urged. These include the use of selective technologies and the creation of multi-use MPAs.”
Figura 1. Mapa del Área Marina de Manejo de Montes Submarinos. Clic para ver versión completa.
Decreto regulará el aprovechamiento sostenible de recursos alrededor del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco
San José, Costa Rica, 10/05/2011.- El Comité Nacional costarricense de la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (UICN) manifestó su satisfacción por la creación del Área Marina de Manejo Montes Submarinos, que cubre 9640 km2 alrededor del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco.
Se trata de la primera Área Marina Protegida creada en la Zona Económica Exclusiva de Costa Rica (188 millas náuticas después del mar territorial), y la segunda más grande del Pacífico Tropical Oriental, únicamente superada por Galápagos de Ecuador.
El Decreto Ejecutivo de creación del Área Marina de Manejo Montes Submarinos facilita que se logre conservar, y a la vez aprovechar de manera sostenible los recursos marinos. Esta categoría de manejo permite la pesca deportiva y la pesca con palangre; además de la investigación, monitoreo ambiental y el ecoturismo, siempre que su respectivo Plan de Manejo así lo autorice. Además, quedan prohibidas la pesca con redes de arrastre, la semi-industrial e industrial, así como la exploración y explotación petrolera.
Con este sistema mixto de conservación y aprovechamiento, se espera proteger la vida marina existente en los alrededores de los montes submarinos; donde hay formaciones coralinas profundas y sitios de agregación (descanso, reproducción, limpieza, alimentación) de especies pelágicas altamente migratorias, como cetáceos, tortugas marinas, rayas, picudos (marlin y pez vela), tiburones y atunes.
Los ambientalistas llaman la atención sobre el hecho de que Costa Rica es un país marino, posee 589 682,99 km2 de aguas jurisdiccionales, un espacio 11 veces mayor que su área terrestre.
“La creación de esta Área Marina de Manejo aumentó el porcentaje de aguas jurisdiccionales protegidas bajo alguna categoría de manejo, pasando de un 0,79% a un 2,42 % del total de los espacios marinos costarricenses, conservándose actualmente alrededor de 14 281 km2”, expresó Jorge Jiménez, Director General de MarViva, organización que forma parte del Comité Nacional de la UICN.
El Comité Nacional de Miembros de UICN, conformado por 18 ONG y entidades de Gobierno, trabaja de forma sinérgica mediante alianzas orientadas a promover el manejo responsable de los recursos naturales. Su objetivo principal es propiciar la discusión entre múltiples actores sociales, para establecer procesos de incidencia en temas ambientales.
“Estamos avanzando en la meta propuesta durante el lV Congreso Mundial de Parques, que instó a los Gobiernos a establecer, para el año 2012, un sistema mundial de redes representativas de Áreas Marinas Protegidas. Es decir, asignar algún grado de protección al menos en un 10% de los espacios marinos bajo su jurisdicción”, expresó Jorge Polimeni, de la Fundación Bandera Ecológica y Presidente del Comité Nacional de UICN.
“El Área Marina de Manejo Montes Submarinos es congruente con las prioridades de conservación marina establecidas por la membresía de la UICN”, dijo con satisfacción Randall Arauz de la organización Pretoma, miembro del Comité. “Durante el pasado Congreso Mundial de la UICN en Barcelona, España 2008, el plenario adoptó la Recomendación 4.111 titulada Conservación de tortugas baula Dermochelys coriácea y tiburones martillo Sphyrna sp en el Corredor del Pacífico Tropical Oriental, en la cual se insta a la implementación de medidas para controlar y manejar el esfuerzo pesquero, incluyendo el uso de tecnologías selectivas y la creación de áreas marinas protegidas de uso múltiple.”
Hi,
This is great news and a necessity. Since I live in Costa Rica I do however have to question the pure motives of this act. The intensions are great, please don’t get me wrong. It looks really good on paper and it will keep the environmentalists happy, but what is the reality. By allowig longlining in this area the sustainability factor goes down the drain. There is so little control over the catches and we all know what is happening to the sharks both here and at the Galapagos Islands. If it is to be a success there needs to be a contol unit in place. There were big problems controling the smaller area from before so what will happen when there is a bigger area to look after. Without the control in place it is nothing more than a nice map. I really hope that I am wrong but seeing how thing are and work here in the Gulf of Nicoya I ca only imagine how it will be 500km out to sea. Please forgive my negativity but I feel it is the harsh reality. Please prove me wrong.
Hello Thomas, unfortunately you are right. We are attacking the problem from many angles, but perhaps the most important is stripping the Board of Directors of Incopesca of any authority. The Board Members are the shrimp trawlers, shark finners and tuna purse seiners who are responsible for the devastated condition of fisheries resources. Of course, with this conflict of interests, it is no wonder things ar so screwed up. Changing the status quo is a major political challenge, but the wheels are grinding. Meanwhile, we must do what we can…hopefully CR can reel-in the international support to truely protect this new MPA, and foster sustainable fisheries. LOnglining probably wont work in this new MPA, but have you heard of Green Sticks? At Pretoma, we believe a selective tuna industry operated by a local CR fleet could be the solution. I hope we can count on your support in the future.
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